📖 FinLang CLI Reference

Applies to: FinLang v0.7+
Status: Active
Last verified: v0.7.9

0) Quick Navigation

• 1) finlang — Main CLI
• 2) finlang-discover — Discovery Tool
• 3) finlang-suggest — Rule Generation
• Rule Packs Quick Reference
• 4) Environment Variables
• 5) Quick Reference Table
• 6) Practical Recipes
• 7) FAQ
• ⚠️ Known Issues (Active)
• Related Documentation

1) finlang — Main CLI

Purpose

Apply your rules (and optional rule packs) to a CSV of transactions to produce a categorized, normalized output with an optional audit trail.

Mapping & Canonicalization (Fields after header mapping)

FinLang expects the following canonical columns after mapping/synthesis. Your source CSV headers are normalized via --map (or the built-in map) into these canonical names:

• date — Transaction date (ISO recommended)
• amount — Signed numeric amount (synthesized from debit/credit if needed)
• counterparty — Merchant / payee / descriptor
• memo — Optional free text / description
• category — Optional existing category (rules may override)
• status — Optional: workflow / transaction state
• flags — Internal list field (append-only via flags +=)
• exclude — Boolean marker for downstream filtering (rule-driven, mutable, auditable; rows are flagged, not dropped)

Required after mapping/synthesis: date, amount, counterparty. If missing, FinLang exits with a fatal error.

Rule precedence: Last matching rule wins for each transaction (by design for deterministic overrides).

Flags

2) finlang-discover — Discovery Tool

Scan a processed CSV to find frequently-occurring, uncategorized counterparties and produce candidate tables for rule generation.

Flags

Output Format

--candidates CSV columns:

• counterparty_fingerprint — Normalized counterparty key
• example_counterparty_name — Original counterparty text (for reference)
• count — Number of occurrences
• sample_amount — Example transaction amount
• sample_date — Example transaction date

--all-candidates CSV columns:

• counterparty_fingerprint — Normalized counterparty key
• example_counterparty_name — Original counterparty text
• count — Number of transactions for this counterparty
• last_seen_date — Most recent transaction date
• max_abs_amount — Largest absolute transaction amount
• total_value — Sum of all transaction amounts

Note: finlang-discover also supports standard locale flags (--decimal, --thousands, --dayfirst, --date-format) and performance flags (--fastio, --headless, --fail-threshold). See Main CLI for details.

Exclude-aware (v0.7.4): By default, rows with exclude=True are skipped during discovery — they are intentionally out of scope, not categorisation gaps. Use --include-excluded to surface them (e.g., for review workflows).

3) finlang-suggest — Rule Generation

Turn discovery candidates into draft .fin rules for review/merge.

Flags

Output

• A syntactically correct .fin file with conservative, deduplicated rules that you should review and then merge into your primary ruleset.

Rule Packs Quick Reference

Bundled packs provide baseline categorization. Use with --include-pack:

Common combinations:

# Personal finance
--include-pack retail,transport,subs,sanity

# Business expenses  
--include-pack retail,transport,travel,financial,sanity

📘 See rulepacks.md for detailed pack contents and commercial packs.

Stability note: Pack IDs (retail, transport, subs, etc.) are stable and won't change. The underlying filenames (e.g., 01-vendors-retail.fin) are internal and may be renamed in future versions.

4) Environment Variables

5) Quick Reference Table

6) Practical Recipes

Daily Run (audited)

finlang --input transactions.csv --output categorized.csv \
  --rules my_rules.fin --include-pack retail,sanity \
  --fastio --audit audit.json --audit-mode lite

What's happening

• transactions.csv → raw bank export (headers mapped to canonical fields)
• my_rules.fin → your personal ruleset (last matching rule wins)
• --include-pack retail,sanity → baseline coverage + sanity checks
• --audit audit.json --audit-mode lite → logs changed cells (lite = changed cells only)
• --fastio → faster IO with PyArrow

International CSV (EU)

finlang --input bank_eu.csv --output out.csv --rules rules.fin \
  --decimal "," --thousands "." --dayfirst --encoding auto --fastio

Growth Loop (3-step)

# 1) Process with your current rules
finlang --input data.csv --output categorized.csv --rules rules.fin --fastio

# 2) Discover candidates
finlang-discover --input categorized.csv \
  --candidates candidates.csv \
  --all-candidates all_candidates.csv \
  --min-count 3 --strict-parse --encoding auto

# 3) Suggest rules
finlang-suggest --input candidates.csv --output draft_rules.fin \
  --rules rules.fin --emit-match exact --category "Review"

CI Validation with Fail Threshold

Use --fail-threshold to abort processing if too many rows are dropped during normalization:

# Fail if more than 5% of rows are dropped
finlang --input data.csv --output clean.csv --rules rules.fin \
  --fail-threshold 0.05

# Exit code: 0 = success, 2 = threshold exceeded
echo "Exit code: $?"

Note: When --strict-parse is enabled, the threshold is forced to 0.0 (any dropped row is fatal).

This is useful in CI/CD pipelines to catch data quality issues early.

7) FAQ

Q: Which rule takes precedence? A: The last matching rule wins for a transaction (deterministic override model). See docs/rule_language.md.

Q: What exit codes does FinLang return? A: 0 = success, 1 = runtime error (e.g., file not found, unexpected exception during rule execution, invalid rule syntax, row-count mismatch on --reconcile, missing reconcile field), 2 = configuration/validation failure (e.g., --fail-threshold exceeded, --strict-parse error, missing required columns, invalid --decimal/--thousands values, no valid rules found, --reconcile without --audit-mode full, --reconcile-html without --reconcile-output-dir), 3 = post-engine check failure (--verify or --verify-full detected data mismatch, OR --reconcile detected categorisation disagreement).

Q: Can I filter by date in finlang directly? A: Date filtering is available in finlang-discover via --since-date. The main finlang CLI does not currently implement --since-date.

Q: What does --quote-style accept? A: The literal quote character to use in emitted rules: " or '.

Q: Do I need a custom mapping? A: Usually no. The bundled map covers most UK/EU banks. See docs/mapping_guide.md for custom maps and amount synthesis.

⚠️ Known Issues (Active)

• None

Related Documentation

• docs/install.md
• docs/flags.md
• docs/workflows.md
• docs/mapping_guide.md
• docs/amount_synthesis.md
• docs/rule_language.md
• docs/rulepacks.md
• docs/growth_loop_best_practices.md
• docs/faq.md
• docs/api.md — HTTP API wrapper over these CLI entry points (pip install finlang[api])
• docs/api_reference.md — full API endpoint reference